8. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?

Listening to somebody else’s ideas is the one way to know whether the story you believe about the world―as well as about yourself and your place in it―remains intact. We all need to examine our beliefs, air them out and let them breathe. Hearing what other people have to say, especially about concepts we regard as foundational, is like opening a window in our minds and in our hearts. Speaking up is important. Yet to speak up without listening is like banging pots and pans together: even if it gets you attention, it’s not going to get you respect. There are three prerequisites for conversation to be meaningful: 1. You have to know what you’re talking about, meaning that you have an original point and are not echoing a worn-out, hand-me-down or pre-fab argument; 2. You respect the people with whom you’re speaking and are authentically willing to treat them courteously even if you disagree with their positions; 3. You have to be both smart and informed enough to listen to what the opposition says while handling your own perspective on the topic with uninterrupted good humor and discernment.

• 1
   We should be more determined to persuade others.
• 2
   We need to listen and speak up in order to communicate well.
• 3
   We are reluctant to change our beliefs about the world we see.
• 4
   We hear only what we choose and attempt to ignore different opinions.